Compare Puerto Rico (2005) - British Indian Ocean Territory (2004)

Compare Puerto Rico (2005) z British Indian Ocean Territory (2004)

	Puerto Rico (2005)	British Indian Ocean Territory (2004)

Administrative divisions	none (commonwealth associated with the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 78 municipalities (municipios, singular - municipio) at the second order; Adjuntas, Aguada, Aguadilla, Aguas Buenas, Aibonito, Anasco, Arecibo, Arroyo, Barceloneta, Barranquitas, Bayamon, Cabo Rojo, Caguas, Camuy, Canovanas, Carolina, Catano, Cayey, Ceiba, Ciales, Cidra, Coamo, Comerio, Corozal, Culebra, Dorado, Fajardo, Florida, Guanica, Guayama, Guayanilla, Guaynabo, Gurabo, Hatillo, Hormigueros, Humacao, Isabela, Jayuya, Juana Diaz, Juncos, Lajas, Lares, Las Marias, Las Piedras, Loiza, Luquillo, Manati, Maricao, Maunabo, Mayaguez, Moca, Morovis, Naguabo, Naranjito, Orocovis, Patillas, Penuelas, Ponce, Quebradillas, Rincon, Rio Grande, Sabana Grande, Salinas, San German, San Juan, San Lorenzo, San Sebastian, Santa Isabel, Toa Alta, Toa Baja, Trujillo Alto, Utuado, Vega Alta, Vega Baja, Vieques, Villalba, Yabucoa, Yauco	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 22% (male 441,594/female 421,986) 15-64 years: 65.5% (male 1,228,583/female 1,337,066) 65 years and over: 12.4% (male 211,283/female 276,120) (2005 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	sugarcane, coffee, pineapples, plantains, bananas, livestock products, chickens	-
Airports	30 (2004 est.)	1 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 17 over 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 5 (2004 est.)	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 13 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 10 (2004 est.)	-
Area	total: 9,104 sq km land: 8,959 sq km water: 145 sq km	total: 60 sq km land: 60 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago
Area - comparative	slightly less than three times the size of Rhode Island	about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Populated for centuries by aboriginal peoples, the island was claimed by the Spanish Crown in 1493 following Columbus' second voyage to the Americas. In 1898, after 400 years of colonial rule that saw the indigenous population nearly exterminated and African slave labor introduced, Puerto Rico was ceded to the US as a result of the Spanish-American War. Puerto Ricans were granted US citizenship in 1917. Popularly-elected governors have served since 1948. In 1952, a constitution was enacted providing for internal self government. In plebiscites held in 1967, 1993, and 1998, voters chose to retain commonwealth status.	Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order that had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia.
Birth rate	13.93 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $6.7 billion expenditures: $9.6 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (FY99/00)	-
Capital	San Juan	-
Climate	tropical marine, mild; little seasonal temperature variation	tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline	501 km	698 km
Constitution	ratified 3 March 1952, approved by US Congress 3 July 1952, effective 25 July 1952	-
Country name	conventional long form: Commonwealth of Puerto Rico conventional short form: Puerto Rico	conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory conventional short form: none abbreviation: BIOT
Death rate	7.86 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
Debt - external	NA	-
Dependency status	commonwealth associated with the US	overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (commonwealth associated with the US)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (commonwealth associated with the US)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	increasing numbers of illegal migrants from the Dominican Republic cross the Mona Passage to Puerto Rico each year looking for work	Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago and its former inhabitants, who reside chiefly in Mauritius, but in 2001 were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation since eviction in 1965; the UK resists the Chagossians' demand for an immediate return to the islands; repatriation is complicated by the exclusive US military lease of Diego Garcia that restricted access to the largest island in the chain
Economic aid - recipient	NA (2001)	-
Economy - overview	Puerto Rico has one of the most dynamic economies in the Caribbean region. A diverse industrial sector has far surpassed agriculture as the primary locus of economic activity and income. Encouraged by duty-free access to the US and by tax incentives, US firms have invested heavily in Puerto Rico since the 1950s. US minimum wage laws apply. Sugar production has lost out to dairy production and other livestock products as the main source of income in the agricultural sector. Tourism has traditionally been an important source of income, with estimated arrivals of nearly 5 million tourists in 1999. Growth fell off in 2001-03, largely due to the slowdown in the US economy, and has recovered in 2004.	All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where joint UK-US defense facilities are located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installations are done by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing.
Electricity - consumption	20.54 billion kWh (2002)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)	-
Electricity - production	22.09 billion kWh (2002)	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Cerro de Punta 1,338 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m
Environment - current issues	erosion; occasional drought causing water shortages	NA
Ethnic groups	white (mostly Spanish origin) 80.5%, black 8%, Amerindian 0.4%, Asian 0.2%, mixed and other 10.9%	-
Exchange rates	the US dollar is used	-
Executive branch	chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001) head of government: Governor Anibal ACEVEDO-VILA (since 2 January 2005) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor with the consent of the legislature elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008) election results: Anibal ACEVEDO-VILA (PPD) elected governor; percent of vote - 48.4%	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Commissioner Tony CROMBIE (since January 2004); Administrator Charles A. HAMILTON (since 2002); note - both reside in the UK cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch
Exports	NA	-
Exports - commodities	chemicals, electronics, apparel, canned tuna, rum, beverage concentrates, medical equipment	-
Exports - partners	US 90.3%, UK 1.6%, Netherlands 1.4%, Dominican Republic 1.4% (2002 est.)	-
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	-
Flag description	five equal horizontal bands of red (top and bottom) alternating with white; a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bears a large, white, five-pointed star in the center; design initially influenced by the US flag, but similar to the Cuban flag, with the colors of the bands and triangle reversed	white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 1% industry: 45% services: 54% (2002 est.)	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $17,700 (2004 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	2.7% (2004 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	18 15 N, 66 30 W	6 00 S, 71 30 E
Geography - note	important location along the Mona Passage - a key shipping lane to the Panama Canal; San Juan is one of the biggest and best natural harbors in the Caribbean; many small rivers and high central mountains ensure land is well watered; south coast relatively dry; fertile coastal plain belt in north	archipelago of 2,300 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility
Highways	total: 25,328 km paved: 23,665 km (including 426 km of expressways) unpaved: 1,363 km (2004)	total: NA km paved: short section of paved road between port and airfield on Diego Garcia unpaved: NA km
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	-
Imports	NA	-
Imports - commodities	chemicals, machinery and equipment, clothing, food, fish, petroleum products	-
Imports - partners	US 55.0%, Ireland 23.7%, Japan 5.4% (2002 est.)	-
Independence	none (commonwealth associated with the US)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	pharmaceuticals, electronics, apparel, food products, tourism	-
Infant mortality rate	total: 8.24 deaths/1,000 live births male: 9.52 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	6.5% (2003 est.)	-
International organization participation	ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), IOC, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WToO (associate)	-
Irrigated land	400 sq km (1998 est.)	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; Appellate Court; Court of First Instance composed of two sections: a Superior Court and a Municipal Court (justices for all these courts appointed by the governor with the consent of the Senate)	-
Labor force	1.3 million (2000)	-
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 3%, industry 20%, services 77% (2000 est.)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 3.95% permanent crops: 5.52% other: 90.53% (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)
Languages	Spanish, English	-
Legal system	based on Spanish civil code and within the US Federal system of justice	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	bicameral Legislative Assembly consists of the Senate (at least 27 seats - currently 29; members are directly elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and the House of Representatives (51 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: Senate - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008); House of Representatives - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - PNP 43.4%, PPD 40.3%, PIP 9.4%; seats by party - PNP 17, PPD 9, PIP 1; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PNP 46.3%, PPD 43.1%, PIP 9.7%; seats by party - PNP 32, PPD 18, PIP 1 note: Puerto Rico elects, by popular vote, a resident commissioner to serve a four-year term as a nonvoting representative in the US House of Representatives; aside from not voting on the House floor, he enjoys all the rights of a member of Congress; elections last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008); results - percent of vote by party - PNP 48.6%; seats by party - PNP 1; Luis FORTUNO elected resident commissioner	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 78.29 years male: 74.35 years female: 82.43 years (2005 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 94.1% male: 93.9% female: 94.4% (2002 est.)	-
Location	Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of the Dominican Republic	archipelago in the Indian Ocean, south of India, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Political Map of the World
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 36,728 GRT/37,048 DWT by type: roll on/roll off 2 foreign-owned: 2 (United States 2) registered in other countries: 1 (2005)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the US	defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; paramilitary National Guard, Police Force	-
National holiday	US Independence Day, 4 July (1776); Puerto Rico Constitution Day, 25 July (1952)	-
Nationality	noun: Puerto Rican(s) (US citizens) adjective: Puerto Rican	-
Natural hazards	periodic droughts; hurricanes	NA
Natural resources	some copper and nickel; potential for onshore and offshore oil	coconuts, fish, sugarcane
Net migration rate	-1.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	National Democratic Party [Celeste BENITEZ]; National Republican Party of Puerto Rico [Dr. Tiody FERRE]; New Progressive Party or PNP (pro-US statehood) [Pedro ROSSELLO]; Popular Democratic Party or PPD (pro-commonwealth) [Anibal ACEVEDO-VILA]; Puerto Rican Independence Party or PIP (pro-independence) [Ruben BERRIOS Martinez]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	Armed Forces for National Liberation or FALN; Armed Forces of Popular Resistance; Boricua Popular Army (also known as the Macheteros); Volunteers of the Puerto Rican Revolution	-
Population	3,916,632 (July 2005 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles in the 1960s and 1970s, in November 2000 they were granted the right of return by a British High Court ruling, though no timetable has been set; in 2001, there were approximately 1,500 UK and US military personnel and 2,000 civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	-
Population growth rate	0.47% (2005 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Las Mareas, Mayaguez, San Juan	Diego Garcia
Radio broadcast stations	AM 72, FM 17, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways	total: 96 km narrow gauge: 96 km 1.000-m gauge (2004)	-
Religions	Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant and other 15%	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal; island residents are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections	-
Telephone system	general assessment: modern system integrated with that of the US by high-capacity submarine cable and Intelsat with high-speed data capability domestic: digital telephone system; cellular telephone service international: country code - 1-787, 939; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat; submarine cable to US	general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet international: international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use	1,329,500 (2002)	NA
Telephones - mobile cellular	1,211,111 (2001)	-
Television broadcast stations	6 (19 relay stations) (2004)	1 (1997)
Terrain	mostly mountains with coastal plain belt in north; mountains precipitous to sea on west coast; sandy beaches along most coastal areas	flat and low (most areas do not exceed four meters in elevation)
Total fertility rate	1.91 children born/woman (2005 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	12% (2002)	-

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